Cataract

We at Eye Trust have been pioneers in the field of cataract surgery offering cutting edge technology and a high standard of care to a large population of various socio-economic status.

How does Cataract Form?

The natural crystalline lens of our eye is clear which allows light to enter and get focused clearly on the retina. With ageing, this lens loses its transparency and gradually becomes clouded, preventing entry or scattering of light and thereby impairing vision.

What are the Causes?

Although most cataracts are related to aging, there are other types of cataract:

Congenital Cataract: Some babies are born with cataracts or develop during their childhood, which can be in one or both eyes. When these cataracts cause visual disturbance in a newborn or child, it has to be removed to prevent retinal immaturity or amblyopia.

Secondary Cataract: Cataracts can form after surgery for other eye problems, such as glaucoma or retinal problems. They can also develop in people who have uncontrolled diabetes or those on steroid therapy.

Traumatic Cataract: Cataracts can develop either immediately or years after an eye injury.

Radiation Cataract: Cataracts can develop even after exposure to certain types of radiation given to patients with cancer.

Who is at Risk for Cataract?

• The risk of cataract increases with age and increased exposure to sunlight.
• Uncontrolled diabetes.
• Steroid intake.
• Personal behaviour such as smoking.

What are the Symptoms Associated with Cataract?

Cataract is characterized by a gradual, progressive loss of vision. Apart from decreasing vision, patients might experience glare and difficulty reading.

How is a Cataract Detected?

Cataract is detected through a comprehensive eye examination.

Visual Acuity Test:

The eye chart measures the vision for both distance and near. It quantifies the visual loss experienced by the patient.

Eye Examination:

Drops are instilled to widen or dilate the pupils. This allows detection and grading of the cataract. The retina (the nerve of the eye) is also examined. The effect of dilation lasts for a few hours, during which the patient may experience blurred vision.

When Does Your Cataract Require Treatment?

We generally give patients four choices of cataract management. The options range from:

• (i) Observe until visual symptoms worsen.
• (ii) Undergo cataract surgery if visual disturbances are already present.
• (iii) Recommended surgery if the cataract is significant enough.
• (iv) Immediate surgery if the cataract is hard or mature, to avoid complications.

What are the Treatment Options for Cataract?

Surgery is the only definitive treatment modality for cataract. The various options available are:

• Conventional Extracapsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE) – almost obsolete.
• Small Incision Cataract Surgery (SICS).
• Micro Incision Cataract Surgery using ultrasonic probe.
• Laser Cataract Surgery with Femto-assisted cataract surgery.